This sermon was shared at First United Methodist Church at the Chicago Temple at the Saturday evening service of Feb. 15, 2014. It used the scripture of Matthew 5:21-37.
Let’s talk about rules. We’re in a Methodist church, right?
So tell me, who here is good at following rules? Please raise your hand. Okay,
who here is bad at following rules?
Please raise your hand. Who here just doesn’t like to raise their hand?
I’m a guy
who actually likes rules. Really, I do! Give me a checklist and I will go down
and systematically check those things off the list. You would be amazed at the
impressive list of checks on my checklist, were you to check out my impressive
list of checks.
Or even
better, instructions. Give me a collection of instructions, and I would
probably be able to put Humpty Dumpty back together again. My parents were
fairly well convinced that I would be engineer when I grew up. Seems pretty
unlikely now, but when I was playing with Legos as a kid—dude, I looked like an
engineer. I always had trouble completing a project when I just had one my big
bins of jumbled up blocks, gizmos, and dismembered Lego people bodies, but give
me step-by-step instructions and I could build anything. I still remember one
of my favorite Christmas gifts—a Lego battle droid from Star Wars Episode I.
You know, the one with Jar Jar Binks? I spent the afternoon of Christmas Day in
my grandparents’ basement following those step-by-step instructions until that
2-foot-tall masterpiece would not only walk but also unholster its ray-gun in
one fluid motion. Behold! The power of plastic pieces, some detailed
instructions, and one little anti-social 8-year-old.
As I got
older, I learned other kinds of rules and instructions, namely social norms.
Those don’t necessarily come easy to a kid who would prefer a dim basement and
Lego instructions to actually spending time with my Iowan grandma. But over
time, I learned how the world worked. Namely, identify the authority figures,
find out what pleases those authority figures, and then subtly fulfill the
desires of the authority figures, especially the desires that they don’t
explicitly make known. And I was good at that. I suppose I still am.
But here’s
the thing about rules: they’re meant to be broken. At least in America, that’s
the common ethic. Break the rules and get away with it. That’s what the smart
ones, the cool ones, the fast ones, the successful ones all do. Break, or at
least bend, the rules and get away with it. Guy Forsyth, a blues and folk
musician from Austin, Texas gets the American ethos: “Everyone wants to pull
off the crime of the century—steal two hundred gazillion dollars, enough to buy
myself an island and build an honest-to-God train on it for no one but me. And
get away with it. Get away with it. We Americans are freedom-loving people and
nothing says freedom like getting away with it.”
Or even
more colorfully, there’s the allegory that my dad likes to use. The speed limit
allegory of the American spirit: So we have a speed limit of 55 miles an hour.
I know that 9 out of 10 cops will let me drive 60 miles an hour and not pull me
over. And when there aren’t any cops around, I can go 70. And get away with it.
Just look
at some of most beloved heroes. Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer float on a raft,
defying their frazzled families and all that comes of it is one of the more
memorable funeral services in American literature. Indiana Jones rescues the
Ark of the Covenant and the damsel in distress without ever worrying that his
lack of office hours at his tenure university post will adversely affect his
evaluations. Harry Potter slinks around in a cloak of invisibility and not only
defeats the Dark Lord but embarrasses all the bullies along the way.
Break the
rules. Get away with it. Behold, the great American ethos.
So what’s
up with this gospel lesson? I don’t know about you, but I came to reclaim my
Christian faith with a strongly Methodist flavor because Jesus is constantly
bending the rules until they break. Jesus hung out with drunks, prostitutes,
and racketeers; disrupted orderly worship services by healing outcast lepers;
and then embarrassed his snobby hosts by talking religion and politics at the
dinner table. That’s
counter-cultural Jesus, Jesus de la resistance, Jesus de la revoluciĆ³n! He
probably had stylish facial hair, thick-rimmed glasses, and skinny jeans, too.
But the
Jesus of Matthew 5 is giving even more rules.
Not that it’s big deal since we’re so good at bending rules, but Jesus is
making it really hard to get around these rules. Holding onto anger is akin to
murder, ogling equals adultery, and no matter how important your grandmother
was to you, don’t swear on her grave. Then there’s the very troubling afterlife
of the commandment about divorce. Couple that passage with Paul’s instructions
for women at church and at home and we’ve got serious issues. It’s no wonder
America, that ever-so Christian nation, is so good at breaking the rules and
then getting away with it. What else are we gonna do with ridiculous rules that
we can never actually follow?
That is, if
we look at Jesus’ sermon superficially. See, these commandments don’t stand
alone in the Gospel of Matthew. They’re part of a much larger Sermon on the
Mount. Just before Jesus starts telling his disciples or the multitudes or
whoever it is who is sitting on the mountain with him, Jesus tells his
congregation that they are the salt of the earth and the light of the world.
These are encouraging words, but now Jesus is saying what flavor the salt is enhancing
and what exactly the light is illuminating. Then Jesus references the law and
the prophets, primarily that he has come to fulfill them and not abolish them.
What we get next in these commandments are the parts of the law and prophets
that Jesus is flavoring and illuminating.
And then
there’s the cultural context. I could quite easily give four separate sermons
for these four commandments if I wanted to delve into the historical criticism
of each commandment, six sermons if you include the two next commandments that
tonight’s reading did not include but directly follow in the Bible. I know you
must be terribly excited now, but I must disappoint you by admitting that I
only prepared this one sermon. Suffice to say Jesus was addressing real issues
that his listeners were really dealing with back in 1st century
Palestine, much like preachers tend to do these days.
So what is
Jesus saying with these commandments if not instructing us in the whiles of
litigation, sexuality, marriage, and public speaking? Scholars often call the
style that Jesus uses here at antitheses,
the plural of antithesis, which is that pattern of “you have heard…but I say”.
It was a common rhetorical technique of rabbis of Jesus’ time, who were
constantly interpreting and reinterpreting the Torah, the Law of Moses, the
rules of Jesus’society. So let’s call Jesus “rabbi” here and recognize how
truly counter-cultural Rabbi Jesus ben-Joseph is being when he gives this
sermon.
See, Jesus’
community was full, overflowing really, with inequality, much like today in our
communities. There were levels of interlocking oppression ranging from the
Roman occupying military to Hellenistic household hierarchies to the laws of
the Torah that folks had been abusing for years. Women and poor people were
perpetually at the bottom, though there were always inspirational stories of
folks who escaped the doom of poverty and made it big. The general rule,
however, was that these interlocking rules of state, culture, and religion
systematically kept the folks on the bottom from moving up and threatening the
status quo. While Jesus couldn’t have been happy about Roman and Hellenistic
oppression, he really got mad about the oppression from the Jewish law. Because
Jesus was Jewish. Because Jesus was a scholar of the Jewish law. Because Jesus
knew that the Law was supposed to free people, not enslave them.
Any good
American might kinda snort, roll her eyes, and say, “So what? Just be creative and break the rules. Get
around them and get away with it.” But when we bend the rules until they break,
we are admitting that the rules aren’t doing what they were meant to do. It
seems a little self-evident. We break the rules we don’t like. We get around
the rules because they do not lead us to fuller, more abundant life, so we
break the rules and hope to get away with it. However, getting away with it
abandons our responsibility to the multitudes who are trapped in the mire.
Getting away with it assumes an ethic similar to the ancient ethic of Cain,
that when someone asks us where our sister or brother is, we respond, “How
should I know? Am I my sister or brother’s keeper?”
Let’s think
about that for just a bit. What happens when we abandon our responsibility to care
for our fellow children of God? What happens when we focus on getting away with
it instead of getting it right? Maybe we’ve seen a lesson in the country of Sweden where a judge recently ruled that a rapist can only commit rape if the
rapist believed that the rapist was raping. According to court testimony the
survivor of the sexual assault told her rapist to stop time and time and time
again, but that he didn’t believe her. The rapist testified that he knew she
really wanted to be raped. So he should get away with it.
Maybe we see
lessons in news coming from the tribal areas of Afghanistan and Pakistan when
American missile strikes kill children. Unmanned drones deliver smart bombs
with surgical precision, so innocent people who die in these strikes just
happen to be in the wrong place at the wrong time. Besides, everyone knows that
you shouldn’t be hanging around the wrong kinds of people. So our military
should get away with it.
Maybe we
see lessons in our own state capital when legions of lobbyist, working in
concert with armies of accountants, make sure that 2/3 of publically tradedcorporations pay nothing in state tax. Never mind that we have to close
schools, cut pensions, and forcibly tighten the belts of the already hungry. We
have to make sure that businesses keep jobs here in Illinois, whatever the
cost. So multi-billion-dollar corporations get away with it.
What have
we done? Listen! The blood of our sisters and brothers is crying out from the
ground! Even if we did not give that cruelest cut, we have not cared for our
neighbor the way we ought to. This is confession time, and it’s good for the
soul.
This is why
Jesus broadens the rules so that it’s so hard to get around them and get away
with it. While some of the rules in the Torah don’t seem to apply to 21st
century America, there are others that can preach volumes in not only this
pulpit but from the middle of Daley Plaza as well. Yes, I know there are weird
rules about avoiding hoopoes for dinner and things of that sort, and my youth
group had a great time laughing about it. However, the books of especially
Leviticus and Deuteronomy also command that farms and eating establishment not
throw away all their left-over food so that poor people can eat good food. The Torah commands that we treat immigrants
with respect and dignity because we were all once immigrants, too. The Torah
commands that every seven years debts must be canceled so that people remain
equal and in right relationship with one another. The Torah is a blessing to
God’s people so that God’s people may be a blessing to the world.
Jesus
doesn’t want us to just get away with breaking the rules, even bad rules,
because these are kingdom rules, where the Lord our God reigns with wisdom and
justice. Or even better, Jesus is highlighting kin-dom rules, where God is
gathering her children back to her as a hen gathers her brood. Instead of
seeking to use rules like a cop might use a nightstick, these kin-dom rules
remind us that we have a common divine parent and we must care for our family.
These
kin-dom rules have echoed throughout the history of the church, and different
leaders have emerged to preach them from the public square when we started to
care more about getting away with than getting it right. St. Francis said
preach the gospel always and when necessary, use words. Martin Luther preached
the priesthood of all believers. The Methodist movement’s own John Wesley
declared that there is no religion but social religion, and John Wesley knew
some things about rules.
I know that
there are times when we need to break rules because some rules are simply
unjust. However, when we know the kin-dom rules by heart (not necessarily
memorized, but know them by heart), we realize that we can no longer hope to
break the rules and get away with it. We have to care for our sisters and
brothers along the way. That’s what Harriet Tubman did. She broke the rules
time and time again by guiding African-descended slaves from the South to free
land that is just across the Ohio River. She was not following a self-serving,
ego-aggrandizing ethic of simply “getting away with it” but knew the kin-dom
rules so well that she could see that the other slaves were indeed her own kin,
her own sisters and brothers.
And that
was why folks called Harriet Tubman “Moses”. Harriet Tubman followed a higher rule
and sent her people across the Ohio River like Moses sent his people across the
Jordan River. Harriet Tubman knew the kin-dom rules and would follow them
wherever they took her. And so the words of Moses continue to echo through to
us today through the redeeming power of Jesus Christ who took the care to sit
down talk about the rules with us. The words call from not only the mountain
and the pulpit but also the streets which shall be restored so that children
can live and play in them again. The words will echo in springs and river
valleys flowing with clean water, purified of the taint of greed. The words
will echo even in the dark places as sisters and brother reclaim their kin from
the shadows of addiction and exploitation.
And those
words will echo throughout all the neighborhoods, all the cities, all the
suburbs and small towns, throughout all the nations where disciples grow
knowing these kin-dom rules by heart. And those words will be: See, I have put
before you today life and prosperity, death and adversity…Choose life that you
and your descendents may live, loving the Lord your God, obeying God, and
holding fast to God.”
So dear
friends, let’s put away our petty desire to get around the rules and get away
with it. Let’s get to know God’s kin-dom rules by heart, get to know who our
kin, our sisters and brothers, really are, and then, and only then, can we get
to know what it is to truly choose life.
Amen.